Network Architecture in Computer Networks
The physical and logical layout of the hardware, software, protocols, and media used for data transmission is known as computer network architecture. In a nutshell, this is the way computers are set up and how tasks are assigned to them.
In general, network architecture relates to how a communications or computer network is designed. It only explains the task of allocating resources among all of the network's computers. It is essentially a method of allocating jobs to computers and organizing and managing all network devices and services, including servers, laptops, tablets, and other client devices.
Types of Network Architecture
- Peer-To-Peer network
- Client-Server network
1. Peer-To-Peer Network
A peer-to-peer network is one in which every computer is connected to every other computer with equal access and responsibility for data processing. Peer-to-peer networks perform well in settings with fewer than ten computers. There is no dedicated server in a peer-to-peer network. Each computer is given unique permissions to share the resources, however if the machine that has the resource unavailable, this could cause issues.
For small environments, often with ten or more computers, this network is crucial. Additionally, there is no distinct separation between clients and servers. Every computer in this network is given the same treatment and has the ability to send and receive messages directly. In general, this P2P network is helpful in a variety of industries, including business, education, and the military.
Benefits of peer-to-peer networks
The benefits of peer-to-peer networks include:
- Because it lacks a dedicated server, it is less expensive. Other computers will continue to function even if one quits.
- Because the computer takes care of itself and installation and setup are less painful, it is incredibly easy to set up and manage. The reason for this is that contemporary operating systems come with built-in support.
- P2P is not complicated at all. This is due to the fact that all computers connected to a network communicate effectively and politely with one another.
Drawbacks of Peer-to-Peer Networks
- Consistently managing security policies is more challenging in peer-to-peer networks.
- Because of peer-to-peer networks every peer expects their own attention and authority.
- The network may become ineffective as it grows in size.
2. Client-server network
A client-server network is a type of network architecture wherein end users, referred to as clients, can access resources, such as music, videos, and other files, from a central computer, referred to as the server. Every other computer in the network is referred to as a client, while the central controller is referred to as a server.
All of the main functions, including network administration and security, are handled by a server. All resources, including files, folders, printers, etc., must be managed by a server. A server facilitates communication between all of the clients.
Benefits of Client-Server Network
Benefits of Client/Server Networks:
- A centralized system is part of a client/server network. As a result, backing up the data is simple.
- A dedicated server in a client/server network enhances the system's overall performance.
- Because only one server manages the shared resources, client/server networks are more secure.
- Additionally, it speeds up resource sharing.
Drawbacks of Client-Server Networks
- Because a client/server network needs a server with a lot of memory, it is expensive.
- The Network Operating System (NOS) on a server is used to supply resources to the clients; however, NOS is quite expensive.
- To oversee all the resources, a specialized network administrator is needed.
